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Rafah
Rafah ((アラビア語:رفح)) is a Palestinian city and refugee camp in the southern Gaza Strip. It is the district capital of the Rafah Governorate, located south of Gaza City. Rafah's population of 152,950 (2014) is overwhelmingly made up of Palestinian refugees. Rafah camp and Tall as-Sultan camp form separate localities.
When Israel withdrew from the Sinai in 1982, Rafah was split into a Gazan part and an Egyptian part, dividing families, separated by barbed-wire barriers.〔〔 The core of the city was destroyed by Israel〔(''Razing Rafah — Mass Home Demolitions in the Gaza Strip'' ), pp. 27-28 and 52-66 (PDF text version) on (), (Summary: ). (''The report on refworld:'' ). Human Rights Watch (HRW), October 2004〕〔(''Supplementary Appeal for Rafah'' ). UNWRA, May 2004〕〔PCHR, (''Uprooting Palestinian Trees And Leveling Agricultural Land – The tenth Report on Israeli Land Sweeping and Demolition of Palestinian Buildings and Facilities in the Gaza Strip 1 April 2003 – 30 April 2004'' ) On ()〕 and Egypt〔(''Egyptian military doubling buffer zone with Gaza , demolishing nearly 1,220 more homes'' ). Associated Pres, 8 January 2015〕〔(''“Look for Another Homeland”'' ). Human Rights Watch, September 2015〕 to create a large buffer zone.
Rafah is the site of the Rafah Border Crossing, the sole crossing point between Egypt and the State of Palestine. Gaza's only airport, Yasser Arafat International Airport, was located just south of the city. The airport operated from 1998 to 2001, until it was bombed and bulldozed by the Israeli military (IDF) after the killing of Israeli soldiers by members of Hamas.
==Etymology==
Over the ages it has been known as "Robihwa" by the ancient Egyptians, "Rafihu" by the Assyrians, "Ῥαφία, Rhaphia"〔Polybii Historiae ().〕 by the Greeks, "Raphia" by Romans, רפיח "(unicode:Rafiaḥ)" by the Israelites, "Rafh" by the Arab Caliphate. The transliteration of the Hebrew name, "Rafiah", is used in modern English alongside "Rafah" 〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Rafīah: Gaza Strip; name, map, geographic coordinates )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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